Produksi Benih Jagung Hibrida Pioner 8050 (Corteva) dengan Rasio Tanam 5:1 di Desa Kanigoro Kecamatan Kanigoro Kabupaten Blitar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32492/kambium.v1i2.1201Keywords:
Benih Jagung, Rasio Tanam, Teknik BudidayaAbstract
Hybrid maize seed production requires specific cultivation and management techniques that differ from commercial maize production, particularly in regulating the ratio of male and female plants to ensure effective cross-pollination and genetic purity. This study aimed to describe the implementation of hybrid maize seed production of Pioner 8050 (Corteva) using a 5:1 female-to-male planting ratio in Kanigoro Village, Kanigoro District, Blitar Regency, Indonesia. The research employed a descriptive field-study approach conducted on approximately 100–120 ha of seed production land managed by farmer groups under a partnership scheme with a seed company. Data were collected through direct field observations and structured interviews focusing on planting ratio arrangement, detasseling practices, fertilization, pest and disease management, irrigation systems, and partnership mechanisms.
The results showed that the application of a 5:1 planting ratio effectively optimized land use while ensuring adequate pollen availability for cross-pollination. Zero tillage practices, balanced fertilization using urea and NPK, integrated pest and disease management, and controlled detasseling contributed to maintaining genetic purity and seed quality. The partnership system facilitated farmers’ access to production inputs, technical guidance, and assured market absorption. Productivity reached 6–7 tons ha⁻¹ of fresh ears, with harvested kernels exhibiting appropriate physiological maturity, moisture content, and high viability.
Overall, the hybrid maize seed production system implemented in Kanigoro Village demonstrates a technically effective and institutionally supported model that can be replicated in other regions to enhance sustainable hybrid maize seed development and strengthen national seed supply systems.
References
Arifin, Z., Santoso, H., & Lestari, D. (2024). Early detection of fungicide resistance through sensitivity testing of Peronosclerospora maydis on maize downy mildew in Java. Agrivita Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(1), 45–56.
Astiko, W. (2021). Konsentrasi hara N, P dan pertumbuhan tanaman pada sistem jagung–kedelai dengan kombinasi pupuk urea dan NPK Phonska. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal, 10(1), 123–132.
BAKOVIĆ, Marijenka TA, Violeta ORO, Rade STANISAVLJEVIĆ , Ratibor ŠTRBANOVIĆ, Mile SEČANSKI (2021). Quality assessment of hybrid maize seeds based on physical and physiological traits. Journal of Seed Science, 42(3), 1–10.
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia. (2020). Produksi benih jagung hibrida.
Corteva Agriscience. (2022). Product guide pioner hybrid corn. Retrieved from: https://www.corteva.id
Corteva Agriscience. (2023). Panduan budidaya jagung hibrida Pioner 8050.
Ethiopian Seed Association. (2014). Hybrid maize seed production manual. Ethiopian Seed Association.
Excellence in Breeding. (2019). Maize hybrid seed production manual. CGIAR Excellence in Breeding Platform.
Fan, Z., Zhang, Y., Liu, H., & Wang, X. (2024). Invasion of fall armyworm led to the succession of maize pest communities and pesticide use in southern China. Crop Protection, 180, 106456.
FAO. (2004). Maize: Post-harvest operations. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
FAO. (2021). Manual on integrated fall armyworm management in maize. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Herlina, S., & Widodo, A. (2018). Pengaruh rasio tanam terhadap hasil benih jagung hibrida. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian, 17(2), 89-95.
Kasno, A., Subandriyo, & Hadi, S. (2021). Pengembangan varietas jagung hibrida untuk peningkatan produksi nasional. Bogor: Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia.
Long, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, C., Li, J., & Liu, Y. (2023). Distribution of emamectin benzoate granules in maize and their control efficacy against fall armyworm. Pest Management Science, 79(2), 635–645.
MacRobert , John F., Peter Setimela, James Gethi dan Mosisa Worku Regasa. (2014). Management of hybrid maize seed production. CIMMYT.
Management of the invasive maize fall armyworm in large- and small-scale systems. (2023). In G. K. Day et al. (Eds.), Managing the invasive fall armyworm (pp. 55–92). CABI.
Muhanniah. (2024). Quality test of hybrid corn seeds based on the position of seeds on the cob. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 123–131
National Seed Association of Ghana. (2018). Hybrid maize production manual. National Seed Association of Ghana.
Nurmanaf, A. R., Agustian, A., & Supriyadi, H. (2019). Penguatan kelembagaan petani dalam mendukung kemitraan agribisnis. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 37(2), 95–108.
Pioneer. (2022). Corn maturity and dry down. Pioneer Hibrid International.
Saragih, B. (2018). Agribisnis: Paradigma baru pembangunan ekonomi berbasis pertanian. Jakarta: PT Pustaka Indonesia.
Sembiring, H. (2019). Teknologi produksi benih jagung. Badan Litbang Pertanian.
Subejo, & Suwarto. (2020). Model kemitraan pertanian dalam meningkatkan kapasitas petani. Jurnal Penyuluhan, 16(1), 12–25.
Sutoro, & Waluyo, S. (2019). Peningkatan produktivitas jagung melalui penggunaan varietas hibrida. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 24(2), 85–94.
Suwantoro, H., Suryanto, P., & Nurjaya, I. G. M. (2020). Produksi benih jagung hibrida: Teknik dan tantangan. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia, 48(3), 201-208.
Syamsudin, A., Hidayat, N., & Putri, D. S. (2024). The effect of leaf defoliation and substitution of NPK Phonska and urea on maize growth and yield. Bioeduscience, 8(1), 45–54.
Tabrani, H., Rahman, A., & Munir, M. (2023). Management of hybrid corn technology application in coconut-based farming systems. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 13(2), 101–115.
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. (2020). Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid seed production: Crop production guide. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University.
Tiwari, Akanksha. , Dhirendra Kumar Singh , Piyusha Singh dan Vimlesh Kumar. (2021). Hybrid seed production techniques in maize. Just Agriculture, 1(10), 1–5.
University of Agricultural Sciences. (2016). Seed production in maize (GPBR 112 lecture 07). Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences.
Wang, H., Zhang, X., & Li, Y. (2018). Drying temperature effect on kernel damage and viability of maize seeds using a solar biomass hybrid dryer. Agricultural Sciences, 9(11), 1357–1374.
Widodo, S., & Suryani, T. (2021). Peran kelompok tani dalam penguatan posisi tawar petani pada sistem kemitraan. Jurnal Agraria, 14(3), 221–233.
Widodo, W., Hidayat, P., & Wahyuni, S. (2019). The effectiveness of combination of resistant varieties and metalaxyl fungicide in controlling downy mildew on maize. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika, 19(1), 42–51
Zhang, W., & Li, J. (2021). The variability of maize kernel drying: Sowing date, harvest scenario and kernel moisture dynamics. Journal of Agricultural Science, 157(4), 451–463.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 KAMBIUM Jurnal Pertanian
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
