Profil Toksisitas Senyawa Lidocaine Bicarbonate secara In Silico Menggunakan ProTox-3.0 sebagai Dasar Evaluasi Keamanan Awal dalam Pengembangan Obat

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the preliminary toxicity profile of Lidocaine Bicarbonate using the ProTox-3.0 in silico platform. The analysis covered acute oral toxicity, organ toxicity, toxicity endpoints, Tox21 pathways, Molecular Initiating Events (MIEs), Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolism, and toxicity targets. The results showed a predicted LD50 of 220 mg/kg and Toxicity Class 3, with active predictions for nephrotoxicity, respiratory toxicity, and clinical toxicity. In contrast, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, Tox21 pathways, MIEs, and CYP450 interactions were predicted to be inactive. These findings indicate that Lidocaine Bicarbonate has a relatively favorable preliminary safety profile, although further in vitro and in vivo validation is required before translational or formulation development.