Systematic Literature Review of IoT Implementation in Household Electrical Energy Consumption Monitoring System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32492/nucleus.v5i2.5206Keywords:
Iot Energy Monitoring Smart Home SLRAbstract
The increasing use of household electronic devices has significantly contributed to higher electricity consumption, creating a need for monitoring systems capable of providing efficient and real-time energy usage information. This study aims to examine the development of Internet of Things (IoT) applications in household electricity consumption monitoring through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The review was conducted using the PRISMA framework, with data collected from open-access articles indexed in Google Scholar published between 2020 and 2026. After the selection process, 17 articles were identified and analyzed based on hardware components, monitoring sensors, communication protocols, and monitoring platforms. The findings indicate that ESP32 and NodeMCU are the most widely utilized microcontrollers due to their low implementation cost and integrated WiFi connectivity. In addition, PZEM-004T and SCT-013 sensors are frequently employed to measure current, voltage, power, and real-time electricity consumption. MQTT, Blynk, and Firebase were also found to be the most commonly used platforms because they support responsive data visualization and remote monitoring features. Overall, IoT-based monitoring systems have demonstrated their potential to improve household energy efficiency while supporting the development of adaptive and sustainable smart home technologies
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