The Impact of Smart Building Environment on Productivity and Well-Being of Office Building Users
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32492/nucleus.v5i2.5209Keywords:
Smart Building Environment, Human-Centered Smart Building, Well-Being, ProductivityAbstract
The concept of smart buildings has evolved from a technology- and energy-efficiency-oriented approach toward a human-centered paradigm that emphasizes occupants’ well-being, comfort, health, and productivity. However, previous studies have primarily focused on technical performance and energy efficiency, with limited investigation of the integrated relationships among Smart Building Environment (SBE), Well-Being, and Productivity, particularly in Indonesia. This study aims to examine these relationships using a quantitative explanatory approach. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of office building users in the Nusantara Capital City (IKN), Indonesia, and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with a Higher-Order Construct (HOC) framework and a disjoint two-stage approach.
The results indicate that Smart Building Environment has a significant positive effect on Well-Being (β = 0.879, p < 0.001) and Productivity (β = 0.307, p = 0.001). Well-Being also significantly influences Productivity (β = 0.577, p < 0.001). Furthermore, Well-Being partially mediates the relationship between Smart Building Environment and Productivity through a complementary mediation mechanism (β = 0.507, p < 0.001). The model demonstrates strong explanatory power, explaining 77.3% of the variance in Well-Being (R² = 0.773) and 74.0% of the variance in Productivity (R² = 0.740). These findings confirm that smart buildings create value not only through technological efficiency but also by enhancing occupants’ well-being, which ultimately improves productivity.
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